Category: Published Research
A human isolate of bovine H5N1 is transmissible and lethal in animal models
Nature The outbreak of clade 2.3.4.4b highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses of the H5N1 subtype (HPAI H5N1) in dairy cows in the US has so far resulted in spillover infections of at least thirteen farm workers1-3, who presented with mild respiratory symptoms or conjunctivitis, and one individual with no known animal exposure who was hospitalized […]
Oct 29, 2024
CCL2-mediated endothelial injury drives cardiac dysfunction in long COVID
Nature Evidence linking the endothelium to cardiac injury in long coronavirus disease (COVID) is well documented, but the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Here we show that cytokines released by endothelial cells (ECs) contribute to long-COVID-associated cardiac dysfunction. Using thrombotic vascular tissues from patients with long COVID and induced pluripotent stem cell-derived ECs (iPSC-ECs), we modeled […]
Oct 15, 2024
Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology COVID-19 is associated with acute risk of major adverse cardiac events (MACE), including myocardial infarction, stroke, and mortality (all-cause). However, the duration and underlying determinants of heightened risk of cardiovascular disease and MACE post–COVID-19 are not known. Continue reading
Oct 9, 2024
H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b dynamics in experimentally infected calves and cows
Nature In March 2024, highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 infections in dairy cows were first reported from Texas, USA1. Rapid dissemination to more than 190 farms in 13 states followed2. Here, we provide results of two independent clade 2.3.4.4b experimental infection studies evaluating (i) oronasal susceptibility and transmission in calves to […]
Oct 2, 2024
Post-COVID-19 condition symptoms among emergency department patients tested for SARS-CoV-2 infection
Nature Symptoms of the Post-COVID-19 Condition are often non-specific making it a challenge to distinguish them from symptoms due to other medical conditions. In this study, we compare the proportion of emergency department patients who developed symptoms consistent with the World Health Organization’s Post-COVID-19 Condition clinical case definition between those who tested positive for Severe […]
Oct 2, 2024
Nature Patients recovering from COVID-19 commonly exhibit cognitive and brain alterations, yet the specific neuropathological mechanisms and risk factors underlying these alterations remain elusive. Given the significant global incidence of COVID-19, identifying factors that can distinguish individuals at risk of developing brain alterations is crucial for prioritizing follow-up care. Here, we report findings from a […]
Aug 21, 2024
NIH The continuing emergence of invasive fungal pathogens poses an increasing threat to public health. Here, through the China Hospital Invasive Fungal Surveillance Net programme, we identified two independent cases of human infection with a previously undescribed invasive fungal pathogen, Rhodosporidiobolus fluvialis, from a genus in which many species are highly resistant to fluconazole and […]
Aug 7, 2024
Epidemiologic Features of Recovery From SARS-CoV-2 Infection
JAMA Key Points Question What variables are associated with time to recovery from SARS-CoV-2 infection? Findings In this cohort study of 4708 participants in a US meta-cohort, the median self-reported time to recovery from SARS-CoV-2 infection was 20 days, and an estimated 22.5% had not recovered by 90 days. Women and adults with suboptimal prepandemic health, particularly […]
Jun 18, 2024
The Lancet Background Tight-fitting masks and respirators, in manikin studies, improved aerosol source control compared to loose-fitting masks. Whether this translates to humans is not known. Methods We compared efficacy of masks (cloth and surgical) and respirators (KN95 and N95) as source control for SARS-CoV-2 viral load in exhaled breath of volunteers with COVID-19 using […]
Jun 5, 2024
Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Virus Infection in a Dairy Farm Worker
NEJM Sporadic human infections with highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5N1) virus, with a wide spectrum of clinical severity and a cumulative case fatality of more than 50%, have been reported in 23 countries over more than 20 years.1 HPAI A(H5N1) clade 2.3.4.4b viruses have spread widely among wild birds worldwide since 2020–2021,2,3 resulting in outbreaks in […]
May 7, 2024